barbarity/barbarism=بربرية (??)

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barbarity/barbarism=بربرية (??)

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

barbarism (n.)

mid-15c., "uncivilized or rude nature," from French barbarisme (13c.), from Latin barbarismus, from Greek barbarismos "foreign speech," from barbarizein "to do as a foreigner does" (see barbarian). Only of speech in Greek, Latin, and French; sense extended in English to "uncivilized condition."

Bacchus=باخوس

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Bacchus=باخوس

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

Bacchus

Greek god of wine and revelry, late 15c., from Latin Bacchus, from Greek Bakkhos, perhaps related to Latin bacca "berry, olive-berry, bead, pearl." Perhaps originally a Thracian fertility god.

Babylon=بابليون

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Babylon=بابليون

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

Babylon

mid-14c., from Greek version of Akkadian Bab-ilani "the gate of the gods," from bab "gate" + ilani, plural of ilu "god" (cf. Babel). The Old Persian form, Babiru-, shows characteristic transformation of -l- to -r- in words assimilated from Semitic.

hysterical=هستيري

hysterical=هستيري

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

hysterical (adj.)

1610s, from L. hystericus "of the womb," from Gk. hysterikos "of the womb, suffering in the womb," from hystera "womb" (see uterus). Originally defined as a neurotic condition peculiar to women and thought to be caused by a dysfunction of the uterus. Meaning "very funny" (by 1939) is from the notion of uncontrollable fits of laughter. Related: Hysterically.

hypoxia=نقص الأكسجة

hypoxia=نقص الأكسجة

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

hypoxia (n.)

1941, from hypo- + oxygen. Related: Hypoxic.

hypo-

word-forming element meaning "under, beneath" (in chemistry, indicating a lesser oxidation), from hypo-, comb. form of Gk. hypo (prep. and adverb) "under," from PIE *upo- "under, up from under, over" (see sub-).

oxygen (n.)

gaseous chemical element, 1790, from Fr. oxygène, coined in 1777 by French chemist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794), from Gk. oxys "sharp, acid" (see acrid) + Fr. -gène "something that produces" (from Gk. -genes "formation, creation;" see -gen).

Intended to mean "acidifying (principle)," it was a Greeking of Fr. principe acidifiant. So called because oxygen was then considered essential in the formation of acids (it is now known not to be). The element was isolated by Priestley (1774), who, using the old model of chemistry, called it dephlogisticated air. The downfall of the phlogiston theory required a new name, which Lavoisier provided.

hydroxide=الهيدروكسيد

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hydroxide=الهيدروكسيد

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

hydroxide (n.)

1851, from hydro- + oxide.

hydro-

before vowels hydr-, word-forming element meaning "water," from Gk. hydro-, comb. form of hydor "water" (see water (n.1)). Also sometimes a comb. form of hydrogen.

oxide (n.)

"compound of oxygen with another element," 1790, from Fr. oxide (1787), coined by G. de Morveau and A. Lavoisier from ox(ygène) (see oxygen) + (ac)ide "acid" (see acid).

oxygen (n.)

gaseous chemical element, 1790, from Fr. oxygène, coined in 1777 by French chemist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794), from Gk. oxys "sharp, acid" (see acrid) + Fr. -gène "something that produces" (from Gk. -genes "formation, creation;" see -gen).

Intended to mean "acidifying (principle)," it was a Greeking of Fr. principe acidifiant. So called because oxygen was then considered essential in the formation of acids (it is now known not to be). The element was isolated by Priestley (1774), who, using the old model of chemistry, called it dephlogisticated air. The downfall of the phlogiston theory required a new name, which Lavoisier provided.

hydra=هيدرا

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hydra=هيدرا

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

hydra (n.)

1835, genus name of a freshwater polyp, from Gk. Hydra, many-headed Lernaean water serpent slain by Hercules (this sense is attested in English from late 14c.), from hydor (gen. hydatos) "water" (see water (n.1)); related to Skt. udrah "aquatic animal" and O.E. ottur "otter." Used figuratively for "any multiplicity of evils" [Johnson]. The fabulous beast's heads were said to grown back double when cut off, and the sea creature is said to be so called for its regenerative capabilities.

keratin=الكيراتين

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keratin=الكيراتين

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

keratin (n.)

basic substance of horns, nails, feathers, etc., 1847, from Gk. keras (gen. keratos) "horn" (see kerato-) + chemical suffix -in (2).

kerato-

before vowels, kerat-, word-forming element meaning "horn, horny," from Gk. keras (gen. keratos) "horn," from PIE *ker- "horn, head.

synod=السينودس

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synod=السينودس

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

synod (n.)

late 14c., "ecclesiastical council," from L.L. synodus, from Gk. synodos "assembly, meeting, conjunction of planets," from syn- "together" (see syn-) + hodos "a going, a way" (see cede). Used by Presbyterians for "assembly of ministers and other elders" from 1593 to c.1920, when replaced by General Council.

Styx=ستيكس

Styx=ستيكس

http://www.thearabicdictionary.com/default.asp?word=styx&lang=en

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

Styx

late 14c., the Gk. river of the Underworld, cognate with Gk. stygos "hatred," stygnos "gloomy." Oaths sworn by it were supremely binding and even the gods feared to break them. The adj. is Stygian.

Strophe/Στροφή ποίησης = الأستروفية جزء من قصيدة

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Strophe/Στροφή ποίησης = الأستروفية جزء من قصيدة

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

strophe (n.)

c.1600, from Gk. strophe "stanza," originally "a turning," in reference to the section of an ode sung by the chorus while turning in one direction, from strephein "to turn," from PIE *strebh- "to wind, turn" (cf. Gk. strophaligs "whirl, whirlwind," streblos "twisted").

WIKIPEDIA
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strophe


A strophe forms the first part of the ode in Ancient Greek tragedy, followed by the antistrophe and epode. In its original Greek setting, "strophe, antistrophe and epode were a kind of stanza framed only for the music," as John Milton wrote in the preface to Samson Agonistes, with the strophe chanted by a Greek chorus as it moved from right to left across the scene.

Stroma=ستروما=στρώμα (stroma)

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Stroma=ستروما=στρώμα (stroma)

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

stroma (n.)

1832, in anatomy, plural stromae, Modern Latin, from L. stroma "bed covering," from Gk. stroma "anything spread out for lying or sitting on" (see structure).

streptomycin=الستربتوميسين

streptomycin=الستربتوميسين

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

streptomycin (n.)

antibiotic drug, 1944, from Mod.L. Streptomyces, genus name of the soil bacterium from which the antibiotic was obtained, from Gk. streptos "twisted" + -mycin, element used in forming names of substances obtained from fungi, from Latinized form of Gk. mykes "fungus" (see mucus). First isolated by U.S. microbiologist Selman Abraham Waksman (1888-1973) and others.

English =wedge, Arabic=إسفين, Greek=σφηνα (sfina)

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English =wedge, Arabic=إسفين, Greek=σφηνα (sfina)

The Arabic word seems to derive from the Greek language.  The Greek word comes from the Antiquity , has the same meaning and phonetically is very similar.    Please comments.

thermosphere=الثرموسفير

thermosphere=الثرموسفير

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

thermosphere (n.)

1924, from thermo- + sphere.

thermo-

word-forming element meaning "hot, heat," used in scientific and technical words, from comb. form of Gk. thermos "hot," therme "heat" (see thermal).

sphere (n.)

1530s, restored spelling of M.E. spere (c.1300) "space, conceived as a hollow globe about the world," from O.Fr. espere (13c.), from L. sphaera "globe, ball, celestial sphere," from Gk. sphaira "globe, ball," of unknown origin.

Sense of "ball, body of globular form" is from late 14c. Medieval astronomical meaning "one of the 8 (later 10) concentric, transparent, hollow globes believed to revolve around the earth and carry the heavenly bodies" is from late 14c.; the supposed harmonious sound they made rubbing against one another was the music of the spheres (late 14c.). Meaning "range of something" is first recorded c.1600 (e.g. sphere of influence, 1885, originally in reference to Anglo-German colonial rivalry in Africa). A spherical number (1640s) is one whose powers always terminate in the same digit as the number itself (5,6, and 10 are the only ones).

ionosphere=الأينوسفير الغلاف الأيوني

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ionosphere=الأينوسفير الغلاف الأيوني

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

ionosphere

1926, from ion + sphere. Coined by Scottish radar pioneer Robert A. Watson-Watt (1892-1973). So called because it contains many ions.

ion (n.)

1834, introduced by English physicist and chemist Michael Faraday (suggested by the Rev. William Whewell, English polymath), coined from Greek ion, neuter prp. of ienai "go," from PIE root *ei- "to go, to walk" (cf. Greek eimi "I go;" Latin ire "to go," iter "a way;" Old Irish ethaim "I go;" Irish bothar "a road" (from *bou-itro- "cows' way"), Gaulish eimu "we go," Gothic iddja "went," Sanskrit e'ti "goes," imas "we go," ayanam "a going, way;" Avestan ae'iti "goes;" Old Persian aitiy "goes;" Lithuanian eiti "to go;" Old Church Slavonic iti "go;" Bulgarian ida "I go;" Russian idti "to go"). So called because ions move toward the electrode of opposite charge.

sphere (n.)

1530s, restored spelling of M.E. spere (c.1300) "space, conceived as a hollow globe about the world," from O.Fr. espere (13c.), from L. sphaera "globe, ball, celestial sphere," from Gk. sphaira "globe, ball," of unknown origin.

Sense of "ball, body of globular form" is from late 14c. Medieval astronomical meaning "one of the 8 (later 10) concentric, transparent, hollow globes believed to revolve around the earth and carry the heavenly bodies" is from late 14c.; the supposed harmonious sound they made rubbing against one another was the music of the spheres (late 14c.). Meaning "range of something" is first recorded c.1600 (e.g. sphere of influence, 1885, originally in reference to Anglo-German colonial rivalry in Africa). A spherical number (1640s) is one whose powers always terminate in the same digit as the number itself (5,6, and 10 are the only ones).

BABINIOTIS

magnetosphere=المغنتوسفير

magnetosphere=المغنتوسفير

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

magnetosphere (n.)

1959, from magneto- + sphere. So called because in it the magnetic field of the earth plays a dominant role in the motion of particles.

magneto-

word-forming element meaning "magnetic, magnetism," from Gk. magneto-, combining form of magnes (see magnet).

magnet (n.)

mid-15c. (earlier magnes, late 14c.), from O.Fr. magnete "magnetite, magnet, lodestone," and directly from L. magnetum (nom. magnes) "lodestone," from Gk. ho Magnes lithos "the Magnesian stone," from Magnesia, region in Thessaly where magnetized ore was obtained. Figurative use from 1650s. It has spread from Latin to most Western European languages (cf. German and Danish magnet, Dutch magneet, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese magnete), but it was superseded in French by aimant. Also cf. magnesia. Chick magnet attested from 1989.

sphere (n.)

1530s, restored spelling of M.E. spere (c.1300) "space, conceived as a hollow globe about the world," from O.Fr. espere (13c.), from L. sphaera "globe, ball, celestial sphere," from Gk. sphaira "globe, ball," of unknown origin.

Sense of "ball, body of globular form" is from late 14c. Medieval astronomical meaning "one of the 8 (later 10) concentric, transparent, hollow globes believed to revolve around the earth and carry the heavenly bodies" is from late 14c.; the supposed harmonious sound they made rubbing against one another was the music of the spheres (late 14c.). Meaning "range of something" is first recorded c.1600 (e.g. sphere of influence, 1885, originally in reference to Anglo-German colonial rivalry in Africa). A spherical number (1640s) is one whose powers always terminate in the same digit as the number itself (5,6, and 10 are the only ones).

troposphere=التروبوسفير

troposphere=التروبوسفير

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

troposphere (n.)

1914, from Fr. troposphère, lit. "sphere of change," coined by French meteorologist Philippe Teisserenc de Bort (1855-1913) from Gk. tropos "a turn, change" (see trope) + sphaira "sphere" (see sphere).

stratosphere=الستراتوسفير

stratosphere=الستراتوسفير

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

stratosphere (n.)

1909, from Fr. stratosphère, lit. "sphere of layers," coined by French meteorologist Léon-Philippe Teisserenc de Bort (1855-1913) from L. stratus "a spreading out" (from pp. stem of sternere "to spread out;" see structure) + Fr. -sphère, as in atmosphère. The region where the temperature increases or remains steady as you go higher. [An earlier stratosphere, attested in English 1908 and coined in German 1901, was a geological term for part of the Earth's crust. It is now obsolete.]

sphere (n.)

1530s, restored spelling of M.E. spere (c.1300) "space, conceived as a hollow globe about the world," from O.Fr. espere (13c.), from L. sphaera "globe, ball, celestial sphere," from Gk. sphaira "globe, ball," of unknown origin.

Sense of "ball, body of globular form" is from late 14c. Medieval astronomical meaning "one of the 8 (later 10) concentric, transparent, hollow globes believed to revolve around the earth and carry the heavenly bodies" is from late 14c.; the supposed harmonious sound they made rubbing against one another was the music of the spheres (late 14c.). Meaning "range of something" is first recorded c.1600 (e.g. sphere of influence, 1885, originally in reference to Anglo-German colonial rivalry in Africa). A spherical number (1640s) is one whose powers always terminate in the same digit as the number itself (5,6, and 10 are the only ones).

Strategy=إستراتيجية

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Strategy=إستراتيجية

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

strategy (n.)

1810, "art of a general," from Fr. stratégie, from Gk. strategia "office or command of a general," from strategos "general," from stratos "multitude, army, expedition," lit. "that which is spread out" (see structure) + agos "leader," from agein "to lead" (see act (n.)).

Also: strategic=إستراتيجي

stegosaurus=ستيجوسورس

stegosaurus=ستيجوسورس

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

stegosaurus (n.)

type of dinosaur, 1892, from Modern Latin order name Stegosauria (O.C. Marsh, 1877), from comb. form of Gk. stegos "roof" (from stege "covering," stegein "to cover," from PIE root *(s)teg- "cover," especially "cover with a roof" (cf. Skt. sthag- "cover, conceal, hide;" L. tegere "to cover;" Lith. stegti "roof;" O.N. þekja, O.E. þeccan "thatch;" Du. dekken, Ger. decken "to cover, put under roof;" Ir. tuigiur "cover," tech "house;" Welsh toi "thatch, roof," ty "house") + -saurus. The back-armor plates in the fossilized remains look like roof tiles.

-saurus

element used in forming dinosaur names, Latinized from Gk. sauros "lizard," of unknown origin;

stadium=استاد

stadium=استاد

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

stadium (n.)

late 14c., "a foot race, an ancient measure of length," from L. stadium "a measure of length, a race course" (commonly one-eighth of a Roman mile; translated in early English Bibles by furlong), from Gk. stadion "a measure of length, a running track," especially the track at Olympia, which was one stadium in length. The Greek word might literally mean "fixed standard of length" (from stadios "firm, fixed," from PIE root *sta- "to stand"), or it may be from spadion, from span "to draw up, pull," with form influenced by stadios. The meaning "running track," recorded in English from c.1600, was extended to mean in modern-day context "large, open oval structure with tiers of seats for viewing sporting events" (1834).

sphinx=سفنكس

sphinx=سفنكس

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

sphinx

early 15c., "monster of Gk. mythology," from L. Sphinx, from Gk. Sphinx, lit." the strangler," a back-formation from sphingein "to squeeze, bind" (see sphincter). Monster, having a lion's (winged) body and a woman's head, that waylaid travelers around Thebes and devoured those who could not answer its questions; Oedipus solved the riddle and the Sphinx killed herself. The proper plural would be sphinges. Transf. sense of "person or thing of mysterious nature" is from c.1600. In the Egyptian sense (usually male and wingless) it is attested from 1570s; specific reference to the colossal stone one near the pyramids as Giza is attested from 1610s.

Septuagint=الترجمة السبعينية

Septuagint=الترجمة السبعينية

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

Septuagint (n.)

"Greek version of the Old Testament," 1633, from L.L. septuaginta interpretes "seventy interpreters," from L. septuaginta "seventy," from septem "seven" (see seven) + -ginta "tens, ten times," from PIE *dkm-ta-, from *dekm- "ten" (see ten). So called in reference to the (false) tradition that the translation was done 3c. B.C.E. by 70 or 72 Jewish scholars from Palestine and completed in 70 or 72 days. Often denoted by Roman numerals, LXX. The translation is believed now to have been carried out at different times by Egyptian Jews.

WIKIPEDIA

The Septuagint ( /ˈsɛptjuːəˌdʒɪnt/), (/ˈsɛptuːəˌdʒɪnt/), (/ˌsɛpˈtuːədʒɪnt/), (/ˈsɛptʃuːəˌdʒɪnt/), (or "LXX", or "Greek Old Testament") is a translation of the Hebrew Bible and some related texts into Greek, begun in the late 3rd century BCE. The Septuagint is quoted by the New Testament[1] (particularly by St. Paul)[2] and by the Apostolic Fathers.

The traditional story is that Ptolemy II sponsored the translation for use by the many Alexandrian Jews who were not fluent in Hebrew but fluent in Koine Greek,[3] which was the lingua franca of the Eastern Mediterranean from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE until the development of Byzantine Greek around 600 CE.