ontology=أنطولوجيا

-->

ontology (?) =أنطولوجيا

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

ontology (n.)

"metaphysical science or study of being," 1660s (Gideon Harvey), from Mod.L. ontologia (c.1600), from onto- + -logy.

onto-

word-forming element meaning "a being, individual; being, existence," from Gk. onto-, from stem of on (gen. ontos) "being," neuter prp. of einai "to be" (see essence).

logy

word-forming element meaning "a speaking, discourse, treatise, doctrine, theory, science," from Gk. -logia (often via Fr. -logie or M.L. -logia), from root of legein "to speak;" thus, "the character or deportment of one who speaks or treats of (a certain subject);" see lecture (n.).

Pangaea=بانغايا

-->

Pangaea (??)   =بانغايا

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

Pangaea

"supercontinent of the late Paleozoic era," 1924, from Gk. pan- "all" (see pan-) + gaia "earth" (see gaia). First attested in German, 1920, in Alfred Wegener's "Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane" (not found in 1914 first edition, according to OED).

pan-

prefix meaning "all, every, whole, all-inclusive," from Gk. pan-, combining form of pas (neut. pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos) "all," from PIE *pant- "all" (with derivatives found only in Greek and Tocharian). Commonly used as a prefix in Greek, in modern times often with nationality names, the first example of which seems to have been Panslavism (1846). Also panislamic (1881), pan-American (1889), pan-German (1892), pan-African (1900), pan-European (1901), pan-Arabism (1930).

Gaia

Earth as a goddess, from Gk. Gaia, spouse of Uranus, mother of the Titans, personification of gaia "earth," as opposed to heaven, "land," as opposed to sea, "a land, country, soil," a collateral form of ge (Dorian ga) "earth," of unknown origin, perhaps pre-Indo-European. The Roman equivalent goddess of the earth was Tellus (see tellurian), sometimes used in English poetically or rhetorically for "Earth personified" or "the Earth as a planet."

Paleozoic=البايلوزويك

-->

Paleozoic  (?) =البايلوزويك

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

Paleozoic (adj.)

in reference to the geological era between the Precambrian and the Mesozoic, 1838, coined by Adam Sedgwick (1785-1873) from paleo- + Gk. zoe "life."

paleo-

before vowels pale- word-forming element used in scientific combinations (mostly since c.1870) meaning "ancient, early, prehistoric, primitive," from Gk. palaio-, comb. form of palaios "old, ancient," from palai "long ago, far back," related to palin "again, backwards," tele- "far off, at a distance," from PIE root *kwel- "to turn, move about," also "far" (in space and time); see cycle (n.).

oceanography=الأوقيانوغرافيا

oceanography=الأوقيانوغرافيا

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

oceanography (n.)

1859, coined in English from ocean + -graphy; on analogy of geography. French océanographie is attested from 1580s but is said to have been rare before 1876. Related: Oceanographic.

ocean (n.)

late 13c., from O.Fr. occean "ocean" (12c., Mod.Fr. océan), from L. oceanus, from Gk. okeanos, the great river or sea surrounding the disk of the Earth (as opposed to the Mediterranean), of unknown origin. Personified as Oceanus, son of Uranus and Gaia and husband of Tethys. In early times, when the only known land masses were Eurasia and Africa, the ocean was an endless river that flowed around them. Until c.1650, commonly ocean sea, translating L. mare oceanum. Application to individual bodies of water began 14c.; there are usually reckoned to be five of them, but this is arbitrary; also occasionally applied to smaller subdivisions, e.g. German Ocean "North Sea."

-graphy

word-forming element meaning "process of writing or recording" or "a writing, recording, or description," from French or Ger. -graphie, from Gk. -graphia "description of," from graphein "write, express by written characters," earlier "to draw, represent by lines drawn," originally "to scrape, scratch" (on clay tablets with a stylus), from PIE root *gerbh- "to scratch, carve" (see carve). In modern use, especially in forming names of descriptive sciences.

automatic=إنسان أوتوماتيكي

-->

automatic= ??   إنسان أوتوماتيكي

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

automatic (adj.)

"self-acting, moving or acting on its own," 1812, from Gk. automatos, used of the gates of Olympus and the tripods of Hephaestus (also "without apparent cause, by accident"), from autos "self" (see auto-) + matos "thinking, animated" (see automaton). Of involuntary animal or human actions, from 1748, first used in this sense by English physician and philosopher David Hartley (1705-1757). In reference to a type of firearm, from 1877; specifically of machinery that imitates human-directed action from 1940.

auto-

word-forming element meaning "self, one's own, by oneself," from Gk. auto- "self, one's own," combining form of autos "self, same," of unknown origin. Before a vowel, aut-; before an aspirate, auth-. In Greek also used as a prefix to proper names, e.g. automelinna "Melinna herself." The opposite prefix would be allo-.

automaton (n.)

1610s, from L. automaton (Suetonius), from Gk. automaton, neut. of automatos "self-acting," from autos "self" (see auto-) + matos "thinking, animated, willing," from PIE *mn-to-, from root *men- "to think" (see mind (n.)).

autocratic=أتوقراطي

-->

autocratic=أتوقراطي

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

autocratic (adj.)

1823, from Fr. autocratique, from autocrate, from Gk. autokrates (see autocrat). Earlier autocratoric (1670s) was directly from Gk. autokratorikos. Autocratical is attested from 1801.

autocrat (n.)

1803, from Fr. autocrate, from Gk. autokrates "ruling by oneself, absolute, autocratic," from autos- "self" (see auto-) + kratia "rule," from kratos "strength, power" (see -cracy). First used by Robert Southey, with reference to Napoleon. An earlier form was autocrator (1789), used in reference to the Russian Czars. Earliest form in English is the fem. autocratress (1762).

auto-

word-forming element meaning "self, one's own, by oneself," from Gk. auto- "self, one's own," combining form of autos "self, same," of unknown origin. Before a vowel, aut-; before an aspirate, auth-. In Greek also used as a prefix to proper names, e.g. automelinna "Melinna herself." The opposite prefix would be allo-.

-cracy

word-forming element forming nouns meaning "rule or government by," from Fr. -cratie or M.L. -cratia, from Gk. -kratia "power, might; rule, sway; power over; a power, authority," from kratos "strength," from PIE *kratus "power, strength" (see hard). The connective -o- has come to be viewed as part of it. Productive in English from c.1800.

octane=أوكتان

-->

octane=أوكتان

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

octane (n.)

hydrocarbon of the methane series, 1872, coined from octo- (see octa-) + -ane; so called because it has eight carbon atoms. A fuel's octane rating, in reference to its anti-knocking quality, is attested from 1932.

octa-

before vowels oct-, word-forming element meaning "eight," from Gk. okta-, okt-, from PIE *okto(u) "eight" (see eight). The variant form octo- often appears in words taken from Latin, but the Greek form is said to be the more common in English.

-ane

word-forming element in chemical use, indicating a chain of carbon atoms with no double bonds, proposed 1866 by German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818-1892) to go with -ene, -ine (2), -one.

Electrode=الالكترود القطب الكهربائي

Electrode=الالكترود القطب الكهربائي

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

electrode (n.)

1834, coined by English physicist and chemist Michael Faraday (1791-1867) from electro- + Gk. hodos "way" (see cede) on same pattern as anode, cathode.

electro-

before vowels electr-, word-forming element meaning "electrical, electricity," Latinized form of Gk. elektro-, comb. form of elektron "amber" (see electric).

cathode rays=أشعة الكاثود

cathode rays=أشعة الكاثود

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY

cathode (n.)

1834, from Gk. kathodos "a way down," from kata- "down" (see cata-) + hodos "way" (see cede). So called from the path the electric current was supposed to take. Related: Cathodic. Cathode ray first attested 1880, but the phenomenon known from 1859; cathode ray tube is from 1905.

cata-

word-forming element from Gk. kata-, before vowels kat-, from kata "down from, down to." Its principal sense is "down," but with occasional senses of "against" or "wrongly." Also sometimes used as an intensive or with a sense of completion of action. Very active in ancient Greek, this prefix is found in English mostly in words borrowed through Latin after c.1500.

WIKIPEDIA:

Cathode rays (also called an electron beam or e-beam) are streams of electrons observed in vacuum tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied, the glass opposite of the negative electrode is observed to glow, due to electrons emitted from and travelling perpendicular to the cathode (the electrode connected to the negative terminal of the voltage supply).

Dionysos=ديونيسوس

Dionysos=ديونيسوس

WIKIPEDIA:

Dionysus  (Ancient Greek: Διόνυσος, Dionysos) was the god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine, of ritual madness and ecstasy in Greek mythology. His name in Linear B tablets shows he was worshipped from c. 1500—1100 BC by Mycenean Greeks: other traces of Dionysian-type cult have been found in ancient Minoan Crete.