الإسكندر الأكبر

Etymology of Arabic words: ........ الإسكندر الأكبر

(al-iskenter al-akbar) means.........“Alexander the Great” or in Greek .......................... ο Μέγας Αλέξανδρος

and the word/name................ المقدوني (al makdouni) means the Macedonian and  derives according to Arabic Etymological Dictionary from the greek word Μακεδών (makedon).

                           
 

بلغم phlegm

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Etymology of Arabic words: the word بلغم

(balgham) means phlegm and derives from the greek word φλέγμα (fleghma) meaning mainly the stuff( mucus) and ifflamation , which derives from the ancient verb φλέγω (flegho) meaning “to burn”.In Turkish they use the word balgam.

The same applies for the word بلغمي=phlegmatic.

الماس Diamond

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Etymology of Arabic words: the word الماس

(mas) means Diamond/adamant the hardest material and it is probably a loan word from the Greek language. The old greek word is αδάμας (adamas) has the same meaning and derives from the verb δάμνημι (damnimi) meaning “to tame”(modern greek = δαμάζω), hence the word αδάμας (adamas) stated that the material was the hardest.In greek now we use also the word διαμάντι (diamanti) which is a counter loan from Latin. In Turkish they use the word elmas.

P.S.In the Google translator I see also the word دايموند (daimounat) with the same meaning as above.

أنسثسا Anesthesia

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Etymology of arabic words: the word أنسثسا

(anasathesa?) means in medicine Anesthesia and derives from the greek word αναισθησία (anesthisia) which is composed by the privative prefix αν (an) meaning in this case without and the word αίσθηση (esthisi) meaning sensation ,sense of , feeling. In Turkish it is anestezi.

الأورطى Aorta

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Etymology of arabic words: the word الأورطى

(ourta) means Aorta, is the largest artery in the body and derives from the greek word Αορτή (aorti).

The greek word derives from the ancient verb αείρω (aero) meaning to connect, to attach, to lift , to raise. In Turkish it is aort.

أسْتريسك Asterisk

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Etymology of arabic words: the word أسْتريسك

(asteriska) means Asterisk, is a typographical symbol, and derives from the greek word ἀστερίσκος (asteriskos) meaning little star. In Turkish is Asterisk/yıldız işareti.

Dictionaries

Learning Foreign Languages and Etymology are my hobbies.

For the preparation of the etymological entries of the arab words of my blog I rely upon the following dictionaries:

G. Mpampiniotis Dictionary of the new Greek language 2005

S. Nisayan Turkish Etymological Dictionary

Lindell-Scott Greek-English Lexikon 1996

Andras Rajiki's Arabic Etymological Dictionary

Wikipedia

Google Translate
Online Etymology Dictionary

الأسفلت Asphalt

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Etymology of arabic words: the word الأسفلت

(asfalt) means Asphalt and it is a loan word from the greek language. The greek word is Ασφαλτος (asfaltos) , and comes from the antiquity. Asphalt was known to the ancient Greeks, who used Asphalt in building the walls. The word is composed by the privative α- and the word -σφαλτός which is the verbal adjective of the verb σφάλλω (sfalo) meaning to err to mistake, and the verb σφάλλομαι (sfalome) meaning to fall, to collapse. In Turkish it is asfalt.

الباريتون Baritone

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Etymology of arabic words: the word الباريتون

(baritouna) means Baritone and has its roots in the greek language. The greek word is βαρύτονος (varýtonos), meaning deep (or heavy) sounding and is composed by the word βαρύς (varis) meaning heavy, weight and the word τόνος (tonos) meaning tone. In Turkish they use the word bariton.

الباريوم Barium

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Etymology of arabic words: the word الباريوم

(barium) means Barium (a chemical element) which is a name given by the British chemical H. Davy on the basis of the greek word βάρος (varos) meaning weight, heavy. In Turkish they use the word baryum.

طبيب بيطري veterinarian

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Etymology of arabic words: the word طبيب بيطري

(tabib beitari) means veterinarian/veterinary physician and accoding to the Turkish etymological dictionary http://www.nisanyansozluk.com/?k=baytar, the arab word ( بيطري) derives from the greek word ἱππίατρος (ipiatros) which means the physisian of the horses. In modern greek is κτηνίατρος (ktiniatros) and in Turkish baytar and veteriner.

الأيقونة icon

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Etymology of arabic words: the word الأيقونة

(ikouna) means icon and refers directly to the greek word Εικόνα (ikona) meaning image, mainly a religious work of art. In Turkish is ikon.

بازيليك Basilica

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Etymology of arabic words: the word بازيليك

(bazileika) means Basilica and is a Latin word derived from the Greek word βασιλική (vassiliki) meaning royal. Basilica is a type of building e.g. St Peter's Basilica, Vatican City. In Turkish the word bazilika is used.

البازلاء Peas

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Etymology of arabic words: the word البازلاء

(bazala) means Peas and via Italian/Latin (pissello,pisellum,pissum) goes back to the ancient greek word πίσος/πίσον (pissos/pisson). In greek we use the word μπιζέλια (bizelia). In Turkish the word bezelye.

تكنوقراطية technocracy

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Etymology of arabic words: the word تكنوقراطية

(teknokratia) means technocracy and is of greek origin via the english . According to Wikipedia” Technocracy is a form of government in which experts in technology would be in control of all decision making “. The greek word is τεχνοκρατία (tehnokratia) and it is composed by the word τέχνη (tehni) which means art, craft ,skill and the word/suffix – κρατία (kratia) which means rule,power.

اليانسون Anise

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Etymology of arabic words: the word اليانسون

(ianisun) means Anise and according to Wikipedia “Anise /ˈænɪs/, Pimpinella anisum, also called aniseed, is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and Southwest “. The above arab word derives from the Greek language, as the greek word is άνισο or άνησο (aniso) comes from the antiquity. In Turkish they use the words anason and Anise.

الأسبست Asbestos

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Etymology of arabic words: the word الأسبست

(asbest) means Asbestos and has its roots in the Greek language, “indirectly”. In greek άσβεστος (asvestos/asbestos) means “inextinguishable” and comes from the antiquity. This greek word through Latin was used by French to name the specific material/mineral due to its properties. In Turkish they use the word asbest.

البلسم balsam

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Etymology of arabic words: the word البلسم

(balsam) means balsam and seems to be of greek origin. (According to Wikipedia “Balsam is a term used for various pleasantly scented plant products, and the plants which produce them” ). The greek word is βάλσαμο (valsamo) and comes from the antiquity. It is probable that at that time,it was a loan word from simitic origin. In Turkish is also balsam.

الايكولوجيا Ecology

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Etymology of arabic words: the word الايكولوجيا

(ekolozia) means Ecology and derives from the Greek language. The greek word is οικολογία (ikologhia) and is composed by the word οίκος (ikos) meaning house and the word/suffix -λογία (loghia) which means “study of” and/or “reasoning of”. In Turkish they use the word ekoloji.