patriarch=بطريرك

patriarch=بطريرك

ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:

patriarch (n.)

late 12c., from O.Fr. patriarche "one of the Old Testament fathers" (11c.) and directly from L.L. patriarcha (Tertullian), from Gk. patriarkhes "chief or head of a family," from patria "family, clan," from pater "father" (see father (n.)) + arkhein "to rule" (see archon). Also used as an honorific title of certain bishops in the early Church, notably those of Antioch, Alexandria, and Rome.

archon (n.)

one of the nine chief magistrates of ancient Athens, 1650s, from Gk. arkhon "ruler," noun use of prp. of arkhein "to rule," from PIE *arkhein- "to begin, rule, command," a "Gk. verb of unknown origin, but showing archaic Indo-European features ... with derivatives arkhe, 'rule, beginning,' and arkhos, 'ruler' " [Watkins].