- ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- gangrene (n.)
- 1540s, from L. gangraena, from Gk. gangraina "an eating or
gnawing sore," lit. "that which eats away,"
reduplicated form of gran- "to gnaw," from PIE root *gras-
(see gastric).
WIKIPEDIA
The etymology of gangrene derives from the Latin word gangraena and from the Greek gangraina (γάγγραινα), which means "putrefaction of tissues".
Friday, 23 November 2012
gangrene=الغنغرينا
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Arab Idol=أراب أيدول
Arab Idol=أراب
أيدول (TV PROGRAM)
- ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
-
-
- idol (n.)
- mid-13c., "image of a deity as an object of (pagan) worship," from O.Fr. idole "idol, graven image, pagan god," from L.L. idolum "image (mental or physical), form," used in Church Latin for "false god," from Gk. eidolon "appearance, reflection in water or a mirror," later "mental image, apparition, phantom," also "material image, statue," from eidos "form" (see -oid). Figurative sense of "something idolized" is first recorded 1560s (in Middle English the figurative sense was "someone who is false or untrustworthy"). Meaning "a person so adored" is from 1590s.
-
- WICTIONARY
-
Gymnasium=الجمنازيوم
- ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- gymnasium (n.)
- 1590s, "place of exercise," from L. gymnasium "school for gymnastics," from Gk. gymnasion "public place where athletic exercises are practiced; gymnastics school," in plural, "bodily exercises," from gymnazein "to exercise or train," literally or figuratively, lit. "to train naked," from gymnos "naked" (see naked). Introduced to German 15c. as a name for "high school" (more or less paralleling a sense in Latin); in English it has remained purely athletic.
Gorilla=غوريلا
- Gorilla=غوريلا
-
- ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
-
-
- gorilla (n.)
- 1847, applied to the apes (Troglodytes gorills) by U.S. missionary Thomas Savage, from Gk. gorillai, plural of name given to wild, hairy people in a Greek translation of Carthaginian navigator Hanno's account of his voyage along the N.W. coast of Africa, c.500 B.C.E. Allegedly an African word.
In its inmost recess was an island similar to that formerly described, which contained in like manner a lake with another island, inhabited by a rude description of people. The females were much more numerous than the males, and had rough skins: our interpreters called them Gorillae. We pursued but could take none of the males; they all escaped to the top of precipices, which they mounted with ease, and threw down stones; we took three of the females, but they made such violent struggles, biting and tearing their captors, that we killed them, and stripped off the skins, which we carried to Carthage: being out of provisions we could go no further. [Hanno, "Periplus"]
- Of persons perceived as being gorilla-like, from 1884.
Demon=ديمن
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- Demon=ديمن
- ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- demon (n.)
- c.1200, from L. daemon "spirit," from Gk. daimon "deity,
divine power; lesser god; guiding spirit, tutelary deity"
(sometimes including souls of the dead); "one's genius, lot, or
fortune;" from PIE *dai-mon- "divider, provider" (of
fortunes or destinies), from root *da- "to divide" (see
tide).
Used (with daimonion) in Christian Greek translations and Vulgate for "god of the heathen" and "unclean spirit." Jewish authors earlier had employed the Greek word in this sense, using it to render shedim "lords, idols" in the Septuagint, and Matt. viii:31 has daimones, translated as deofol in O.E., feend or deuil in Middle English. Another Old English word for this was hellcniht, lit. "hell-knight."
The original mythological sense is sometimes written daemon for purposes of distinction. The Demon of Socrates was a daimonion, a "divine principle or inward oracle." His accusers, and later the Church Fathers, however, represented this otherwise. The Demon Star (1895) is Algol.
Thursday, 22 November 2012
Platonic=أفلاطوني
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ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- Platonic (adj.)
- 1530s, "of or pertaining to Gk. philosopher Plato" (429 B.C.E.-c.347 B.C.E.). The name is Gk. Platon, properly "broad-shouldered" (from platys "broad;" see place (n.)). His original name was Aristocles. The meaning "love free of sensual desire" (1630s), which the word usually carries nowadays, is a Renaissance notion; it is based on Plato's writings in "Symposium" about the kind of interest Socrates took in young men, which originally had no reference to women. Related: Platonically.
- WIKIPEDIA
- Plato's influence
on Western culture was so profound that several different concepts
are linked by being called "platonic" or Platonist,
for accepting some assumptions of Platonism,
but which do not imply acceptance of that philosophy
as a whole.
P.S. There are also the words platonism and Neo-platonism
الأفلاطونية الحديثة أفلاطونية
Wednesday, 21 November 2012
protoplasm=البروتوبلازم
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- protoplasm (n.)
- 1848, from Ger. Protoplasma (1846), used by German botanist Hugo von Mohl (1805-72), from Gk. proto- "first" (see proto-) + plasma "something molded" (see -plasm). The word was in Late Latin meaning "first created thing," and may have existed in ecclesiastical Greek in a different sense. It was used 1839 by Czech physiologist Johannes Evangelista Purkinje (1787-1869) to denote the gelatinous fluid found in living tissue. This word prevailed, though German language purists preferred Urschleim "original mucus."
- word-forming element meaning "first," from Gk. proto-, comb. form of protos "first," superlative of pro "before" (see pro-).
- word-forming element meaning "a growth, a development; something molded," from Gk. -plasma, from plasma "something molded or created" (see plasma).
- 1712, "form, shape" (earlier plasm, 1620), from L.L. plasma, from Gk. plasma "something molded or created," from plassein "to mold," originally "to spread thin," from PIE *plath-yein, from root *pele- "flat, to spread" (see plane (n.1)). Sense of "liquid part of blood" is from 1845; that of "ionized gas" is 1928.
plankton=البلانكتون
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- plankton (n.)
- 1891, from Ger. Plankton (1887), coined by German physiologist Viktor Hensen (1835-1924) from Gk. plankton, neuter of planktos "wandering, drifting," verbal adjective from plazesthai "to wander, drift," from plazein "to drive astray."
- WIKIPEDIA
-
The name plankton is derived from
the Greek
adjective πλαγκτός - planktos, meaning "errant",
and by extension "wanderer" or "drifter".[2]
Plankton typically flow with ocean currents
Pyrite=البيريت
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- pyrite (n.)
- "metallic iron disulfide," 1550s, from O.Fr. pyrite (12c.), from L. pyrites, from Gk. pyrites lithos "stone of fire, flint" (so called because it glitters), from pyr (gen. pyros) "fire" (see fire (n.)).
WIKIPEDIA
Pyrite is the most common of the sulfide
minerals. The name pyrite is derived from the Greek
πυρίτης (puritēs), "of fire" or "in
fire",[7]
in turn from πύρ (pur), "fire".
Petrology=بترولوجية
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- petro- (1)
- before vowels petr-, word-forming element used from 19c., from comb. form of Gk. petros "stone," petra "rock" (see petrous).
- word-forming element indicating "branch of knowledge, science," now the usual form of -logy. Originally used c.1800 in nonce formations (commonsensology, etc.), it gained legitimacy by influence of the proper formation in geology, mythology, etc., where the -o- is a stem vowel in the previous element.
- word-forming element meaning "a speaking, discourse, treatise, doctrine, theory, science," from Gk. -logia (often via Fr. -logie or M.L. -logia), from root of legein "to speak;" thus, "the character or deportment of one who speaks or treats of (a certain subject);" see lecture (n.).
pedology=بيدولوجيا
-->
-->
-logy
P.S,علم أحوال التربة أو البيدولوجيا (بالإنجليزية:
هو المسار العلمي المعني بجميع جوانب التربة، Pedology)
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
WIKIPEDIA
Pedology (soil study)
Pedology (from Greek: πέδον, pedon, "soil"; and λόγος, logos, "study") is the study of soils in their natural environment.[1] It is one of two main branches of soil science, the other being edaphology. Pedology deals with pedogenesis, soil morphology, and soil classification, while edaphology studies the way soils influence plants, fungi, and other living things.P.S,علم أحوال التربة أو البيدولوجيا (بالإنجليزية:
هو المسار العلمي المعني بجميع جوانب التربة، Pedology)
panorama =بانوراما
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- panorama (n.)
- 1796, "a painting on a revolving cylindrical surface," coined c.1789 by inventor, Irish artist Robert Barker, lit. "a complete view," from pan- "all" + Gk. horama "a view," from horan "to look, see" (see warrant (n.)). Meaning "comprehensive survey" is 1801.
- pan-
- prefix meaning "all, every, whole, all-inclusive," from Gk. pan-, combining form of pas (neut. pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos) "all," from PIE *pant- "all" (with derivatives found only in Greek and Tocharian). Commonly used as a prefix in Greek, in modern times often with nationality names, the first example of which seems to have been Panslavism (1846). Also panislamic (1881), pan-American (1889), pan-German (1892), pan-African (1900), pan-European (1901), pan-Arabism (1930).
pantomime=بانتومايم
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- pantomime (n.)
- 1610s, "mime actor," from L. pantomimus "mime, dancer," from Gk. pantomimos "actor," lit. "imitator of all," from panto- (gen. of pan) "all" (see pan-) + mimos "imitator" (see mime (n.)). Meaning "drama or play without words" first recorded 1735. The English dramatic performances so called, usually at Christmas and with words and songs and stock characters, are attested by this name from 1739; said to have originated c.1717. Related: Pantomimic; pantomimical.
- pan-
- prefix meaning "all, every,
whole, all-inclusive," from Gk. pan-, combining form of pas
(neut. pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos) "all,"
from PIE *pant- "all" (with derivatives found only in
Greek and Tocharian). Commonly used as a prefix in Greek, in modern
times often with nationality names, the first example of which
seems to have been Panslavism (1846). Also panislamic (1881),
pan-American (1889), pan-German (1892), pan-African (1900),
pan-European (1901), pan-Arabism (1930).
- mime (n.)
- c.1600, "a buffoon who practices gesticulations" [Johnson], from Fr. mime (16c.) and directly from L. mimus, from Gk. mimos "imitator, mimic, actor, mime, buffoon," of unknown origin. In reference to a performance, 1640s in a classical context; 1932 as "a pantomime."
pantheon=البانثيون
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- pantheon (n.)
- c.1300, from Pantheon, name of a temple for all the gods built in Rome c.25 B.C.E. by Agrippa (since 609 C.E. made into the Christian church of Santa Maria Rotonda), from Gk. Pantheion (hieron) "(shrine) of all the gods," from pantheion, neuter of pantheios, from pan- "all" (see pan-) + theios "of or for the gods," from theos "god" (see Thea). Sense of any group of exalted persons is first found 1590s.
-
-
- pan-
- prefix meaning "all, every, whole, all-inclusive," from Gk. pan-, combining form of pas (neut. pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos) "all," from PIE *pant- "all" (with derivatives found only in Greek and Tocharian). Commonly used as a prefix in Greek, in modern times often with nationality names, the first example of which seems to have been Panslavism (1846). Also panislamic (1881), pan-American (1889), pan-German (1892), pan-African (1900), pan-European (1901), pan-Arabism (1930).
Tuesday, 20 November 2012
ontology=أنطولوجيا
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- ontology (n.)
- "metaphysical science or study of being," 1660s (Gideon Harvey), from Mod.L. ontologia (c.1600), from onto- + -logy.
- onto-
- word-forming element meaning "a being, individual; being, existence," from Gk. onto-, from stem of on (gen. ontos) "being," neuter prp. of einai "to be" (see essence).
Pangaea=بانغايا
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- Pangaea
- "supercontinent of the late Paleozoic era," 1924, from Gk. pan- "all" (see pan-) + gaia "earth" (see gaia). First attested in German, 1920, in Alfred Wegener's "Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane" (not found in 1914 first edition, according to OED).
- pan-
- prefix meaning "all, every, whole, all-inclusive," from Gk. pan-, combining form of pas (neut. pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos) "all," from PIE *pant- "all" (with derivatives found only in Greek and Tocharian). Commonly used as a prefix in Greek, in modern times often with nationality names, the first example of which seems to have been Panslavism (1846). Also panislamic (1881), pan-American (1889), pan-German (1892), pan-African (1900), pan-European (1901), pan-Arabism (1930).
- Earth as a goddess, from Gk. Gaia,
spouse of Uranus, mother of the Titans, personification of gaia
"earth," as opposed to heaven, "land," as
opposed to sea, "a land, country, soil," a collateral
form of ge (Dorian ga) "earth," of unknown origin,
perhaps pre-Indo-European. The Roman equivalent goddess of the
earth was Tellus (see tellurian),
sometimes used in English poetically or rhetorically for "Earth
personified" or "the Earth as a planet."
Paleozoic=البايلوزويك
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- Paleozoic (adj.)
- in reference to the geological era between the Precambrian and the Mesozoic, 1838, coined by Adam Sedgwick (1785-1873) from paleo- + Gk. zoe "life."
- paleo-
- before vowels pale- word-forming element used in scientific
combinations (mostly since c.1870) meaning "ancient, early,
prehistoric, primitive," from Gk. palaio-, comb. form of
palaios "old, ancient," from palai "long ago, far
back," related to palin "again, backwards," tele-
"far off, at a distance," from PIE root *kwel- "to
turn, move about," also "far" (in space and time);
see cycle
(n.).
oceanography=الأوقيانوغرافيا
oceanography=الأوقيانوغرافيا
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- oceanography (n.)
- 1859, coined in English from ocean + -graphy; on analogy of geography. French océanographie is attested from 1580s but is said to have been rare before 1876. Related: Oceanographic.
-
- ocean (n.)
- late 13c., from O.Fr. occean "ocean" (12c., Mod.Fr. océan), from L. oceanus, from Gk. okeanos, the great river or sea surrounding the disk of the Earth (as opposed to the Mediterranean), of unknown origin. Personified as Oceanus, son of Uranus and Gaia and husband of Tethys. In early times, when the only known land masses were Eurasia and Africa, the ocean was an endless river that flowed around them. Until c.1650, commonly ocean sea, translating L. mare oceanum. Application to individual bodies of water began 14c.; there are usually reckoned to be five of them, but this is arbitrary; also occasionally applied to smaller subdivisions, e.g. German Ocean "North Sea."
- word-forming element meaning "process of writing or recording" or "a writing, recording, or description," from French or Ger. -graphie, from Gk. -graphia "description of," from graphein "write, express by written characters," earlier "to draw, represent by lines drawn," originally "to scrape, scratch" (on clay tablets with a stylus), from PIE root *gerbh- "to scratch, carve" (see carve). In modern use, especially in forming names of descriptive sciences.
automatic=إنسان أوتوماتيكي
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ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- automatic (adj.)
- "self-acting, moving or acting on its own," 1812, from Gk. automatos, used of the gates of Olympus and the tripods of Hephaestus (also "without apparent cause, by accident"), from autos "self" (see auto-) + matos "thinking, animated" (see automaton). Of involuntary animal or human actions, from 1748, first used in this sense by English physician and philosopher David Hartley (1705-1757). In reference to a type of firearm, from 1877; specifically of machinery that imitates human-directed action from 1940.
- auto-
- word-forming element meaning "self, one's own, by oneself," from Gk. auto- "self, one's own," combining form of autos "self, same," of unknown origin. Before a vowel, aut-; before an aspirate, auth-. In Greek also used as a prefix to proper names, e.g. automelinna "Melinna herself." The opposite prefix would be allo-.
autocratic=أتوقراطي
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autocratic=أتوقراطي
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY
DICTIONARY:
- 1823, from Fr. autocratique, from autocrate, from Gk. autokrates (see autocrat). Earlier autocratoric (1670s) was directly from Gk. autokratorikos. Autocratical is attested from 1801.
- autocrat (n.)
- 1803, from Fr. autocrate, from Gk. autokrates "ruling by oneself, absolute, autocratic," from autos- "self" (see auto-) + kratia "rule," from kratos "strength, power" (see -cracy). First used by Robert Southey, with reference to Napoleon. An earlier form was autocrator (1789), used in reference to the Russian Czars. Earliest form in English is the fem. autocratress (1762).
- word-forming element meaning "self, one's own, by oneself," from Gk. auto- "self, one's own," combining form of autos "self, same," of unknown origin. Before a vowel, aut-; before an aspirate, auth-. In Greek also used as a prefix to proper names, e.g. automelinna "Melinna herself." The opposite prefix would be allo-.
- -cracy
- word-forming element forming nouns meaning "rule or government
by," from Fr. -cratie or M.L. -cratia, from Gk. -kratia "power,
might; rule, sway; power over; a power, authority," from kratos
"strength," from PIE *kratus "power, strength"
(see hard).
The connective -o- has come to be viewed as part of it. Productive
in English from c.1800.
octane=أوكتان
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY
DICTIONARY:
- before vowels oct-, word-forming element meaning "eight," from Gk. okta-, okt-, from PIE *okto(u) "eight" (see eight). The variant form octo- often appears in words taken from Latin, but the Greek form is said to be the more common in English.
Electrode=الالكترود القطب الكهربائي
Electrode=الالكترود
القطب الكهربائي
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY
DICTIONARY:
- electrode (n.)
- 1834, coined by English physicist and chemist Michael Faraday (1791-1867) from electro- + Gk. hodos "way" (see cede) on same pattern as anode, cathode.
- before vowels electr-, word-forming element meaning "electrical, electricity," Latinized form of Gk. elektro-, comb. form of elektron "amber" (see electric).
cathode rays=أشعة الكاثود
cathode
rays=أشعة الكاثود
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY
DICTIONARY
- cathode (n.)
- 1834, from Gk. kathodos "a way down," from kata- "down" (see cata-) + hodos "way" (see cede). So called from the path the electric current was supposed to take. Related: Cathodic. Cathode ray first attested 1880, but the phenomenon known from 1859; cathode ray tube is from 1905.
- word-forming element from Gk. kata-, before vowels kat-, from kata "down from, down to." Its principal sense is "down," but with occasional senses of "against" or "wrongly." Also sometimes used as an intensive or with a sense of completion of action. Very active in ancient Greek, this prefix is found in English mostly in words borrowed through Latin after c.1500.
WIKIPEDIA:
Cathode rays (also
called an electron beam or e-beam) are streams of
electrons
observed in vacuum
tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes
and a voltage is
applied, the glass opposite of the negative electrode is observed to
glow, due to electrons emitted from and travelling perpendicular to
the cathode (the
electrode connected to the negative terminal of the voltage supply).
Dionysos=ديونيسوس
WIKIPEDIA:
Dionysus
(Ancient
Greek: Διόνυσος, Dionysos)
was the god
of the grape harvest, winemaking
and wine, of ritual
madness and ecstasy
in Greek
mythology. His name in Linear
B tablets shows he was worshipped from c. 1500—1100 BC by
Mycenean
Greeks: other traces of Dionysian-type cult have been found in
ancient Minoan
Crete.
Monday, 19 November 2012
synod=سينودس
- synod=سينودس
-
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY
- synod (n.)
- late 14c., "ecclesiastical council," from L.L. synodus, from Gk. synodos "assembly, meeting, conjunction of planets," from syn- "together" (see syn-) + hodos "a going, a way" (see cede). Used by Presbyterians for "assembly of ministers and other elders" from 1593 to c.1920, when replaced by General Council.
-
-
-
- syn-
- word-forming element meaning "together with," from Gk. syn "with, together with," of unknown origin.
physiognomy=فزيوجنوميه
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY
DICTIONARY
- physiognomy (n.)
- late 14c., "art of judging characters from facial features," from O.Fr. phizonomie and directly from L.L. physiognomia, from Gk. physiognomia "the judging of a person's nature by his features," from physio- (see physio-) + gnomon (gen. gnomonos) "judge, indicator" (see gnomon). Meaning "face, countenance, features" is from c.1400. Related: Physiognomical.
- word-forming element meaning "nature, natural, physical," from Gk. physio-, comb. form of physios "nature" (see physic).
- c.1300, fysike, "art of healing, medical science," also "natural science" (c.1300), from O.Fr. fisike "natural science, art of healing" (12c.) and directly from L. physica (fem. singular of physicus) "study of nature," from Gk. physike (episteme) "(knowledge) of nature," from fem. of physikos "pertaining to nature," from physis "nature," from phyein "to bring forth, produce, make to grow" (cf. phyton "growth, plant," phyle "tribe, race," phyma "a growth, tumor") from PIE root *bheue- "to be exist, grow" (cf. O.E. beon "to be," see be). Spelling with ph- attested from late 14c. (see ph). As a noun, "medicine that acts as a laxative," 1610s. The verb meaning "to dose with medicine" is attested from late 14c.
- "vertical shaft that tells time by the shadow it casts" (especially the triangular plate on a sundial), 1540s, from L. gnomon, from Gk. gnomon "indicator," lit. "one who discerns," from gignoskein "to come to know" (see gnostic (adj.)).
- gnostic (adj.)
- "relating to knowledge," 1650s, from Gk. gnostikos "knowing, able to discern," from gnostos "known, perceived, understood," from gignoskein "to learn, to come to know" (see know).
Sunday, 18 November 2012
Neoclassicism=الكلاسيكية الجديدة
WIKIPEDIA
Neoclassicism (from Greek
"neos"-νέος, Latin "classicus" and Greek
"ismos"-ισμός)[1]
is the name given to Western movements
in the decorative
and visual arts,
literature,
theatre, music,
and architecture
that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture
of Ancient
Greece or Ancient
Rome.
nematode=نيماتودا
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ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
WIKIPEDIA
The
nematodes ( /ˈnɛmətoʊdz/)
or roundworms are traditionally regarded as the phylum
Nematoda or Nemathelminthes.[
The group was originally defined by Karl
Rudolphi in 1808[18]
under the name Nematoidea, from Ancient
Greek νῆμα (nêma, nêmatos, 'thread') and -eiδἠς
(-eidēs, 'species'). It was reclassified as family
Nematodes by Burmeister
in 1837[18]
and order Nematoda by K.
M. Diesing in 1861.[18]
morphine=مورفين
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- morphine (n.)
- chief alkaloid of opium, 1828, from Fr. morphine or Ger. Morphin (1816), name coined by German apothecary Friedrich Sertürner (1783-1840) in reference to L. Morpheus, Ovid's name for the god of dreams, from Gk. morphe "form, shape, beauty, outward appearance," perhaps from PIE *merph-, a possible Greek root meaning "form," of unknown origin. So called because of the drug's sleep-inducing properties.
WIKIPEDIA
Morphine
is a potent
opiate analgesic
drug that is used to
relieve severe pain. It was first isolated in 1804 by Friedrich
Sertürner, first distributed by him in 1817, and first
commercially sold by Merck
in 1827, which at the time was a single small chemists' shop. It was
more widely used after the invention of the hypodermic
needle in 1857. It took its name from the Greek god of dreams
Morpheus
(Greek:
Μορφέας).[2]
microscope=ميكروسكوب
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- microscope (n.)
- 1650s, from Mod.L. microscopium, lit. "an instrument for viewing what is small," from Gk. micro- (see micro-) + -skopion, from skopein "to look, see" (see -scope).
-
-
-
- micro-
- word-forming element meaning "small, microscopic; magnifying; one millionth," from Latinized comb. form of Gk. mikros "small, little, petty, trivial, slight" (see mica).
- word-forming element indicating "an instrument for seeing," from L.L. -scopium, from Gk. -skopion, from skopein "to look at, examine" (see scope (n.1)).
microbial=الميكروبية
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- microbial (adj.)
- 1879, from Mod.L. microbion (see microbe) + -al (1).
-
- microbe (n.)
- popular name for a bacterium, 1878, from Fr. microbe, "badly coined ... by Sédillot" [Weekley] in 1878 from Gk. mikros "small" (see mica) + bios "life" (see bio-). It is an incorrect use of bios; in Greek the word would mean lit. "short-lived."
microbiology=الميكروبيولوجيا
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- microbiology (n.)
-
- 1880, coined in English from micro- + biology. Related: Microbiological.
-
-
- micro-
- word-forming element meaning "small, microscopic; magnifying; one millionth," from Latinized comb. form of Gk. mikros "small, little, petty, trivial, slight" (see mica).
- word-forming element, from Gk. bio-, comb. form of bios "one's life, course or way of living, lifetime" (as opposed to zoe "animal life, organic life"), from PIE root *gweie- "to live" (cf. Skt. jivah "alive, living;" O.E. cwic "alive;" L. vivus "living, alive," vita "life;" M.Pers. zhiwak "alive;" O.C.S. zivo "to live;" Lith. gyvas "living, alive;" O.Ir. bethu "life," bith "age;" Welsh byd "world"). Equivalent of L. vita. The correct usage is that in biography, but in modern science it has been extended to mean "organic life."
- word-forming element meaning "a speaking, discourse, treatise, doctrine, theory, science," from Gk. -logia (often via Fr. -logie or M.L. -logia), from root of legein "to speak;" thus, "the character or deportment of one who speaks or treats of (a certain subject);" see lecture (n.).
micron=ميكرون
metropole/metropolis=متروبول
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- metropole/metropolis=متروبول
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ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- "seat of a metropolitan bishop," 1530s, from L.L. metropolis; see metropolitan. Meaning "chief town or capital city of a province" is first attested 1580s, earlier metropol (late 14c.).
- metropolitan (n.)
- early 15c., "bishop having oversight of other bishops,"
from L.L. metropolitanus, from Gk. metropolis "mother city"
(from which others have been colonized), also "capital city,"
from meter "mother" (see mother
(n.1)) + polis "city" (see policy
(n.1)).
In Greek, "parent state of a colony;" later, "see of a metropolitan bishop." In the West, the position now roughly corresponds to archbishop, but in the Greek church it ranks above it.
Melanoma=الورم الميلانيني
Melanoma=الورم
الميلانيني
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- dark brown or black pigment found in animal bodies, 1832, Modern Latin, with chemical suffix -in (2); first element from Gk. melas (gen. melanos) "black," from PIE root *mel- "dark, soiled, dirty" (cf. Skt. malinah "dirty, stained, black," Lith. melynas "blue," L. mulleus "reddish"). Related: Melanism; melanistic.
Mechanization=الإنتاج ميكانيكيا
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Mechanization=الإنتاج
ميكانيكيا
ONLINE
ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY:
- mechanization (n.)
- 1834, from mechanize + -ation.
- mechanize (v.)
- 1670s; see mechanic (adj.) + -ize. Related: Mechanized; mechanizing.
- mechanic (adj.)
- late 14c., "pertaining to or involving mechanical labor" (now usually mechanical), also "having to do with tools," from L. mechanicus, from Gk. mekhanikos/μηχανικός "full of resources, inventive, ingenious," lit. "mechanical, pertaining to machines," from mekhane/μηχανή (see machine (n.)). Meaning "of the nature of or pertaining to machines" is from 1620s.
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